Sayyid
Radhi
Birth
Abul
Hassan, Muhammad son of Husein son of Mūsā Mūsawi Baghdādi,
known as Sayyid Radhi was born in Baghdād in 356H.
He was born to a noble family;
descendant of the infallible Imāms (Aemmah Ma’sūmeen A.S.).
His father descends from Imām
Mūsā Kādhim (A.S.), and his mother descends from Imām Zain
ul Ābedeen (A.S.).
His father was Abū Ahmad
Husein, known as Tāhir. He was titled ‘Dhul-Manqabatain’ (the one who
is proud of having two laudable quality). Tāhir was one of the most famous
figures and considered highly by the government. He acted as a chieftain for sādāt
(descendants of the holy Prophet), and a competent authority to resolve the
dispute among people, and the head of Hajj pilgrims.
His mother was Fātimah
daughter of Abū Muhammad, Husein son of Ahmad, son of Muhammad Nāsir-e
Kabir, a scholar woman and pious. Sheikh Mufid wrote the book (Ahkām-un-Nisā)
on her request.
Education
Once up on a night Sheikh Mufid
dreamed, that Fātima-e Zahrā (S.A.) took her two sons (Imām
Hassan and Imām Husein(A.S.) to his Maktab ‘traditional school’ and
ordered him: “ O’ Sheikh, teach these
two sons of mine the divine law”. Sheikh
woke up and wondered about the dream. Next morning, Sayyid Radhi and Sayyid
Mortadhā’s mother took them to the Shaikh and asked him: “ O’ Sheikh,
teach my two sons the divine law.” Sheikh Mufid was affected and cried and
told them about the dream, and accepted training responsibility of those two
great sons.
Personality
Sayyid Radhi was a smart,
knowledgeable scholar with a very brilliant comprehension. He established a
Madrasah (traditional school) in Baghdād and sat out to educate students in
Islamic sciences. He also prepared a library for his students at that school.
Governmental
position
In 388 H. Bahā-ud-dawlah
appointed him as his vicegerent and granted him precious clothes, and elected
him as the head of sādāt, and the competent authority for resolving
dispute among people, and the head of pilgrims. .
In 397 H. Bahā-ul Mulk
also granted him the same position too.
Governmental
titles
In 388 H. Bahā-ud-duwlah
granted the title ‘Sharif-e Jalil’
(the lofty noble), and in 398 H. ‘Dhul Manqabatain’ and in the same year he
was grated the title ‘Radhi, dhul Hasabain’ (the one who is proud of having
descendant from A’emmah(A.S.) from both sides) . In the year 401 H. Qawām-ud-din
granted him the title ‘Sharif-e Ajall’ (the exalted noble).
His
instructors
Among Sayyid Radhi’s
instructors the followings can be mentioned:
1.
Sheikh Mufid, Muhammad, son of Muhammad, son of No’mān
2.
Abū Bakr, Muhammad son of Mūsā Khārazmi
3.
Abul Hassan, Ali son of Isā Reb’ie
4.
Abul Fath, Uthmān son of Jāni Mūseli
5.
Abū
Sa’eed, Hassan son of Abdullāh Seyrafi
Compilation
Sayyid Radhi has valuable
compilations, such as:
1.
Nahjul Balāgha (gathering and compiling of this book has been done
by him).
2.
‘Khasā’is-ul A’emma (A.S.)’ (the individual characteristics
of Imams (A.S.)
3.
Talkhis-ul Bayān
Am-majāz-ul Qorān
4.
Al Mujāzāt-un-nabawiya
5.
Haqā’iq-ul Taweel fi Mutashābih-et-tanzil
Death
Finally, after a long time of
serving the Islamic and Shi’a world, Sayyid Radhi passed away in Baghdād
in 406 H., when he was 47 years old, and buried in Kādhemein, beside the
grave of Imām Mūsā Kādhim and Imām Jawād (A.S.).